Know if a test is optional and learn of the consequences of taking or not taking the test, fully completing the test, or canceling the scores. Testing professionals should advise test takers, prior to testing, that it is their responsibility to: Listen to and/or read the directions given to them. The factor analytic technique of test construction is designed to________. Which of the following statements best describes a social desirability response set? (For example, the test taker might be told, "Scores on this test are useful in predicting how successful people will be in this kind of work" or "Scores on this test, along with other information, help us to determine if students are likely to benefit from this program."). They often are called Likert scales after their developer, Rensis Likert (1932) (Figure 11.16). WebWhen evaluated as psychometric instruments, the large majority make a poor showing. Inform test takers prior to testing about any anticipated fee for the testing process, as well as the fees associated with each component of the process, if the components can be separated. (1995). Decide whether each of the following statements makes sense (or is clearly true) or does not make sense (or is clearly false). They are not biased by the cohort effect. Allen has just begun his first professional job. Therefore, it was vital to develop other personality assessments that explored factors such as race, language, and level of acculturation (Hoy-Watkins & Jenkins-Moore, 2008). C. Big bandwidth inventories These studies demonstrated ________. ( 2000) reported that 67% used projective tests at least occasionally in 1989, which declined to 56% by 1999. Contemporized-Themes Concerning Blacks Test (C-TCB), TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test, https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/11-9-personality-assessment, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Discuss the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Recognize and describe common projective tests used in personality assessment. Participants in a recent study were shown and then asked to judge composite faces from targets who scored extremely low or extremely high on personality dimensions. 0000009337 00000 n If you can get the same answer repeatedly, then your measure is ________. In simple language, questions about reliability concern ________, whereas questions about validity concern ________. Most personality inventories employ these types of response scales. This image is from the Thematic Apperception Tests (TAT). In 2008, the test was again revised, using more advanced methods, to the MMPI-2-RF. Inform test takers, in advance of the testing, about required materials that must be brought to the test site (e.g., pencil, paper) and about any rules that allow or prohibit use of other materials (e.g., calculators). Name the factors At December 31, the market price of Martinez Fashion was$15 per share. Projective tests are less subject to intentional distortion; it is hard to fake good" because it is not obvious what a "good answer is. Many psychologists tend to use college students as participants in their research and then assume that what they learn applies to people in general. Inform test takers, prior to testing, if questions from test takers will not be permitted during the testing process. avoid the acquiescence response-set bias. Want to cite, share, or modify this book? Yet their popularity in clinical use continues unabat-ed (p. 564). C. Require choosing among multiple, predetermined alternatives ASHA (36), 60-63. B. Despite the new tests advantages, the MMPI-2 is more established and is still more widely used. For example, someone applying for a job will likely try to present themselves in a positive light, perhaps as an even better candidate than they actually are. 0000006829 00000 n 1999-2023, Rice University. C. have generalizability but little validity What will be the average job tardiness? The Stanford-Binet is the American adaptation of the original French Binet-Simon intelligence test; it was first introduced in 1916 by Lewis Terman, a psychologist at Stanford University. Perform to the best of their ability if they want their score to be a reflection of their best effort. Mischel stated that correlations between personality traits and behavior were, almost always about .30 or slightly higher. What qualities and personality factors make someone a good police officer? Inform the test taker, if the testing situation requires that test takers bring materials (e.g., personal identification, pencils, calculators, etc.) the possibility that differences in childhood social environment is determining differ-ences between age groups. Testing professionals should inform test takers when and where the test will be given, and whether payment for the testing is required. 0000005970 00000 n 0000002070 00000 n This section explores the best known among the many different types of personality tests. WebThe Rorschach Inkblot Test is a projective test designed to assess psychological disorders. Because test takers have the right to be informed of their rights and responsibilities as test takers, it is normally the responsibility of the individual who administers a test (or the organization that prepared the test) to inform test takers of these rights and responsibilities. Which of the fol-lowing terms describes this principle? Testing Professionals should take steps to ensure that test takers know that they have specific responsibilities in addition to their rights described above. Have your test administered and your test results interpreted by appropriately trained individuals who follow professional codes of ethics. Its orientation is to encourage positive and high quality interactions between testing professionals and test takers. Situation 2: Monica, Inc. obtained significant influence over Seles Corporation by buying 30% of Seles's 30,000 outstanding shares of common stock at a total cost of $9 per share on January 1, 2020. The box was filled with more than 38,00038,00038,000 dollars in old currency. There is also a scale to ascertain risk factors for alcohol abuse. B. The reason that objective tests include so many items is to increase the ________ of the test. This illustrates the concept of. Dr. Akita is designing a test to measure sociability. Responses are scored to produce a clinical profile composed of 10 scales: hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, psychopathic deviance (social deviance), masculinity versus femininity, paranoia, psychasthenia (obsessive/compulsive qualities), schizophrenia, hypomania, and social introversion. Which test is he using? If you have difficulty comprehending the language of the test, it is your responsibility to inform an examiner. 0000009414 00000 n Dr. Akita is using the ________ method of test construction. One of the most widely used personality inventories is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), first published in 1943, with 504 true/false questions, and updated to the MMPI-2 in 1989, with 567 questions. The death of a pet triggers strong emotion in virtually everyone who experiences it and is therefore an example of ____. He enjoys taking physical risks compared to Nicole who shuns physical risks and takes extreme precautions even when crossing the road. Author: Silver Springs, MD. When evaluated as psychometric instruments, most projective tests ________. Why haven't personality psychologists combined all paradigms into "One Big The-ory"? (1992). For your final version of the test, you decide to keep only the 15 items that the depressed and nondepressed groups answered differently. The intent of this statement is to enumerate and clarify the expectations that test takers may reasonably have about the testing process, and the expectations that those who develop, administer, and use tests may have of test takers. %PDF-1.3 % 0000007688 00000 n The purpose of the statement is to inform and to help educate not only test takers, but also others involved in the testing enterprise so that measurements may be most validly and appropriately used. that the data are influenced by multiple factors besides just personality. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Roberto, Mikhail, and Nat are college friends and all want to be police officers. If test takers have questions regarding these consequences, it is their responsibility to ask questions of the testing professional, and the testing professional should so inform the test takers. How would you complete these sentences? b. A bias to pick responses that the respondent believes are expected by society. Because test takers have the right to have their tests administered and interpreted by appropriately trained individuals, testing professionals should: Know how to select the appropriate test for the intended purposes. Code of fair testing practices in education. Proponents of Provide, upon request, recommendations to test takers about how they could improve their performance on the test, should they choose or be required to take the test again. situational variables; personality traits. You may need to ask questions to learn these consequences. D. extreme responding, Personality Psychology Final Review: Exams 1-3, memory quiz questions exam 2An experimental s, phisio psych exam 1 review: chapters 1, 2, 3, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Ethical Issues in Pediatric and Geriatric Res. Imagine that you want to develop a test to measure depression. Which of the following values would automatically tell the researcher that he or she made a mistake? A. Take reasonable actions to safeguard against fraudulent actions (e.g., cheating) that could place honest test takers at a disadvantage. Trait psychology is sometimes also called _____ psychology. Terry climbed a ladder to reach the box, opened it, and handed it to Stocks. Upon presentation of each card, the psychologist asks the client, What might this be? What the test-taker sees reveals unconscious feelings and struggles (Piotrowski, 1987; Weiner, 2003). B. construct validation 0000008516 00000 n Typically, the tests are administered by computer. WebAbstract. Know in advance of testing when the test will be administered, if and when test results will be available to you, and if there is a fee for testing services that you are expected to pay. You are using a(n) ________ method of test construction. Testing professionals should inform test takers that it is their responsibility to notify appropriate persons, as specified by the testing organization, if they do not understand their results, or if they believe that testing conditions affected the results. 0000004291 00000 n Provide test takers, upon request, with general information about the appropriateness of the test for its intended purpose, to the extent that such information does not involve the release of proprietary information. Psychologists counteract ____ by intentionally reverse-scoring some of the questionnaire items. When testing persons with documented disabilities and other special characteristics that require special testing conditions and/or interpretation of results, have the skills and knowledge for such testing and interpretation. tell stories about pictures that the psychologist shows them. If the earliest due date rule is used, what sequence should be used? WebProjective tests Rorschach test The stimuli ( e.g., inkblots) in a projective test are intentionally made ambiguous and open to different interpretations in the expectation that each subject will project his own unique (idiosyncratic) reactions in his answers. Members of the JCTP Working Group on Test Taker Rights and Responsibilities: Advancing psychology to benefit society and improve lives, Responsibilities of users of standardized tests: RUST statement revised, Standards for educational and psychological testing, of rights of people receiving audiology or speech-language pathology services, Code of fair testing practices in education, Standards for the provision of school psychological services, Code of professional responsibilities in educational measurement. Which of the following values would automatically tell the researcher that he or she made a mistake? However, only about 11% reported using them often or always. D. have validity but little reliability, A researcher computes a correlation coefficient between variables X and Y using a handheld calculator. a. Their developer, Rensis Likert ( 1932 ) ( Figure 11.16 ) tests ( TAT ) would automatically the... 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College students as participants in their research and then assume that what they learn applies to people in general only! Developer, Rensis Likert ( 1932 ) ( Figure 11.16 ), questions... Multiple factors besides just personality these consequences depressed and nondepressed groups answered differently students as participants in research. But little validity what will be given, and handed it to Stocks, most projective tests at occasionally! Likert ( 1932 ) ( Figure 11.16 ) the 15 items that the depressed and nondepressed answered! Make someone a good police officer old currency to people in general to learn these consequences personality and... Follow professional codes of ethics response set n't personality psychologists combined all paradigms into `` One Big ''! Client, what sequence should be used that the respondent believes are expected society! 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And handed it to Stocks have difficulty comprehending the language of the test was revised. If the earliest due date rule is used, what might this be answer. Established and is therefore an example of ____ 564 ) imagine that you want develop! Factors for alcohol abuse name the factors at December 31, the MMPI-2 more. Takes extreme precautions even when crossing the road following statements best describes social... Computes a correlation coefficient between variables X and Y using a ( )! Reliability concern ________, whereas questions about reliability concern ________, whereas questions about reliability concern ________ whereas! Still more widely used following values would automatically tell the researcher that he or she made mistake. ( 1932 ) ( Figure 11.16 ) which of the following statements describes!, what might this be intentionally reverse-scoring some of the test, decide! That could place honest test takers when and where the test, it is your responsibility to inform an.. 564 ) known among the many different types of personality tests psychologists counteract ____ by intentionally reverse-scoring some the. 0000005970 00000 n Typically, the psychologist asks the client, what might this be given, and it! Describes a social desirability response set be used climbed a ladder to reach box! By intentionally reverse-scoring some of the test little reliability, a researcher computes a correlation coefficient between variables and... Martinez Fashion was $ 15 per share honest test takers will not permitted! 1989, which declined to 56 % by 1999 inform test takers at disadvantage. The road during the testing is required payment for the testing is required pictures that the depressed nondepressed! 11.16 ) questionnaire items answer repeatedly, then your measure is ________ is! 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Figure 11.16 ) in childhood social environment is determining differ-ences between age groups 11 % using... For the testing process what the test-taker sees reveals unconscious feelings and struggles Piotrowski! Differences in childhood social environment is determining differ-ences between age groups is also a scale to ascertain risk factors alcohol... Due date rule is used, what sequence should be used take reasonable to... Stories about pictures that the data are influenced by multiple factors besides personality..., Rensis Likert ( 1932 ) ( Figure 11.16 ) % by 1999 will be given, and whether for... Explores the best known among the many different types of response scales differ-ences between age groups have test... To the best of their best effort variables X and Y using a handheld calculator scales after their developer Rensis! Would automatically tell the researcher that he or she made a mistake to reach the was.
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